The Facts About Superantigen stimulation - Sanquin Uncovered

Endogenous SAgs [modify] Small lymphocyte stimulating (Mls) exotoxins were originally discovered in the thymic stromal cells of mice. These toxic substances are encoded by SAg genes that were integrated into the mouse genome from the mouse mammary tumour infection (MMTV). The existence of these genes in the mouse genome permits the mouse to express the antigen in the thymus as a way of adversely choosing for lymphocytes with a variable Beta area that is susceptible to stimulation by the viral Droop.

Similar endogenous SAg-dependent choice has yet to be identified in the human genome, however endogenous SAgs have been found and are presumed of playing an important role in viral infection. Infection by the Epstein, Barr virus, for instance, is known to cause production of a Droop in infected cells, yet no gene for the toxic substance has actually been found on the genome of the virus.

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